💓 Mitral Regurgitation: Systolic Murmur

📌𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲:- t.me/conceptualmedicine009 📌 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:- www.instagram.com/ 💓 Mitral Regurgitation: Systolic Murmur Mastering the Holosystolic (Pansystolic) Murmur of Mitral Regurgitation (MR) is a non-negotiable skill for excelling in USMLE, NEET PG, MBBS, and FMGE. MR occurs when the mitral valve fails to close properly during ventricular systole, allowing blood to leak backward from the high-pressure left ventricle into the low-pressure left atrium. This creates a high-pitched, "blowing" murmur that begins at S1 (AV valve closure) and continues all the way through S2 (Semilunar valve closure), as the pressure gradient between the ventricle and atrium persists throughout the entire systolic phase. On physical exam, this murmur is best heard at the Apex and characteristically radiates to the Left Axilla. 🏎️💨 For board exams, you must understand the "clinicking" maneuvers: the murmur of MR increases with Handgrip (increased afterload) and Squatting (increased preload), as both maneuvers increase the volume of blood forced back through the incompetent valve. Pathologically, chronic MR leads to progressive Left Atrial Enlargement and Left Ventricular Volume Overload, eventually causing eccentric hypertrophy. A common board favorite is the presence of an S3 heart sound, which signifies rapid ventricular filling into a dilated, compliant ventricle. Whether the etiology is Mitral Valve Prolapse, rheumatic heart disease, or papillary muscle rupture post-MI, recognizing the timing, location, and radiation of this holosystolic murmur is the key to mastering cardiovascular vignettes. 🏥🔬🩺 +1 #MitralRegurgitation #HeartMurmurs #Cardiology #USMLE #NEETPG #MBBS #FMGE #CardiovascularPhysiology #MedStudent #MedicalEducation #ClinicalExamination