Tactical Timeline

The Battle of Saragarhi (12 September 1897) is one of the most iconic last-stands in military history ever. It took place on the NW frontier of British India (now in Pakistan), during the Tirah Campaign against tribal Pashtun (Orakzai and Afridi) rebels.

Two important British Indian forts were Fort Lockhart and Fort Gulistan, connected by a heliograph (signal communication) post at Saragarhi.

Saragarhi itself was a small, stone-built outpost, garrisoned by just 21 soldiers of the 36th Sikh Regiment, all of them Sikhs.

On 12 September 1897, around 10,000–12,000 Pashtun tribesmen attacked Saragarhi to cut communications between the two forts.

Havildar Ishar Singh led the 21 Sikh soldiers.
At dawn, the tribesmen launched repeated assaults, but the Sikhs repelled them with disciplined breech-loading rifle fire(Martini Henry).

The soldiers knew reinforcements could not arrive in time from Fort Lockhart. Still, they chose to fight to the last man to delay the enemy.
Several waves of attacks were beaten back, but eventually the tribesmen breached the walls.
One by one, the defenders were killed. The last survivor, Sepoy Gurmukh Singh, continued to fire while reporting the battle through heliograph until he was overrun.

Outcome:
All 21 Sikh soldiers were killed.

Estimates suggest over 600 tribal attackers were killed and many more wounded.

The delay allowed Fort Gulistan to be reinforced and saved from capture.

The British Parliament later compared this stand to the ancient battles of Thermopylae (300 Spartans) for its bravery.

All 21 Sikh soldiers were posthumously awarded the Indian Order of Merit (Class I), then the highest gallantry award for Indian soldiers (equivalent to today’s Param Vir Chakra).

The battle is remembered annually on Saragarhi Day (12 September) by the Indian Army, especially the Sikh Regiment.

A gurdwara (shrine) was built at Amritsar to honor the martyrs, and there are memorials in Ferozepur, Ludhiana, and even Wolverhampton (UK).

The bravery of Saragarhi is taught as a symbol of courage, loyalty, and sacrifice.

JAI HIND JAI BHARAT

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Operation Sindoor
One of the most Coordinated precision strike operation by India. JAI HIND JAI BHARAT!!

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Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj!! The 8th wonder of the World. जन्मदिनस्य शुभकामना राजे

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FORTS IN INDIA
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Forts in India—ranging from Kalibangan to Fort William, Kalibangan being the most ancient and Fort William the latest one.

Rajasthan, Gujarat and Deccan abound with forts though in the heartland of India there were massive forts, which are Gwalior, Kalinjar etc. The capital Delhi, had of course a good many forts like -
Red Fort,
Shahjahanabad, (Mughals)
Tughlakabad, (Tughlaqs)
Adilabad,
Feroz Shah Kotla,
Siri, (Khilji)
Rai Pithora, (Chauhan)
Purana Qila (Afgaan)
were gifted by dynasties that ruled.

Forts provided protection from enemies. From their ramparts the enemy movements could be watched and provisions, stores, water, and ammunition etc. inside the forts helped the army to face the assaults and also to carry out aggressive designs against the enemy outside.

The Arthashastra considers forts as one of the seven elements of sovereignty. Each frontier fort had to be specially guarded and was placed in charge of an officer called Antapal.
Kautilya classifies forts into four types, such as -
1) Parvata (hill),
2) Audaka (water),
3) Dhanvan (desert),
4) Vandurga (forest fort).

Whereas water and mountain fortifications were considered best for the defense of populous centers, desert and forest fortifications were for habitations in wilderness.

The Mahabharata (Shanti Parva) stresses that the king should reside in a city defended by a citadel, of having abundant stock of grains and weapons, protected by imperishable walls and trenches, which teem with elephants and stead cars, which is inhabited by men of learning and versed in mechanical arts, where provision of every item is stored.
It classifies forts as -
Dhava, Mahi, Giri, Manushya, Mru, Vana and Tani.

Modern warfare has changed the entire complex, satellites have rendered heights of no consequence, supplies are made by air, and even petrol can be filled in the sky or at sea. Yet the concepts of forts or the strategy of fortification retain their utility. For, seen critically, can we, for instance, deny that the underground bunker is the reverse of the fort?

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Choose one Indian Dynasty who has contributed to Our glorious past.

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Achievements of Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj -

After the demise of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj all Maratha country was demoralized due to the loss of their leader in 1680. But the Maratha throne was in hands of its rightful heir the young prince Sambhaji. Born in 1657 the Sambhaji Maharaj was already trained in practical

a) Military leadership,

b) Administrative duties

c) court manners and other essential qualities of a complete leader.

Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj also witnessed some extraordinary experiences like

a) Visit and miraculous escape from Agra in 1666.

b) Served as Mughal mansabdsar of 5000 cavalry.

c) Also took part in battle against Bijapur alongside mughal armies. Hence got awareness of mughal ways and tactics.

For all these exposures he became the best suited leader after Chhatrapati Shivaji. Still he faced resistance from some internal rivals like Soyrabai, Annaji Datto. But soon got rid of them easily and assended the Maratha throne of Chhatrapati. Rest is history. He protected dharma till last breath in reality, didn’t kneel to the tortures and never gave up Sanatan Dharma. He still lives in our heart. A real son tiger.

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ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM OF CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI was managed by The Ashtapradhan Council (8 members). They were the heads of their respective departments with the primary job of assisting the Chhatrapati. Although Shivaji Raje was not bound to consult them always, unless he felt the need to do so. But fortunately, Chhatrapati Shivaji was a practical statesman and always acted in benefit of the people. This structure of administration was inspired from the concept of previous Mohammedan rulers of southern India, and some also from Hindu literary work Shukraniti. Shivaji Raje made some changes as per requirements and introduced Sanskrit names along with the Persian name, e.g. Peshwa became Mukhya pradhan and both names were valid.

Salient Duties of the Ashtapradhan Council -


Mukhya Pradhan (Peshwa) - Wage war and perform all administrative works.

Senapati - Maintains army and fights battles, preserves acquired territories.

Amatya (Majumdar) - Looks after the account of income & expenditure.

Sumant (Dabir) - Maintains Foreign affairs, receives ambassadors.

Sachiv (Surnis) - Carefully looks into royal correspondence, letters.

Pandit Rao - Expert on religious matters.

Mantri (Waknis) - Conducts political and diplomatic matters.

Nyayadhish - Jurisdiction over law and order of the state.

JAI HIND JAI BHARAT JAI SHIVAJI

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VIOLENCE ROCKS KOLHAPUR'S VISHALGAD FORT


Exactly 364 years after the three canon shots signalling Shivaji's homecoming were fired, Vishalgad Fort turned into a battleground. Activists, led by former Rajya Sabha MP and Shivaji's descendant Chhatrapati Sambhaji Raje Bhosale, clashed with police and some encroachers during a planned eviction drive, according to an AajTak.In report.


A large group of people got together for the anti-encroachment drive, 'Chalo Vishalgad', and led to clashes. Several shops in the Vishalgad Fort area were vandalised, and 21 people were arrested.


A long-time advocate, Sambhaji Raje, who has been vocal against encroachments at Maharashtra's forts, had focused on the Vishalgad Fort because of its special significance in Shivaji's life and Maratha history.

The former MP didn't leave Vishalgad Fort on July 14 until he got an assurance from Maharashtra Chief Minister Eknath Shinde.



364 saal pehle, Bajiprabhu Deshpande ki veergatha (HINDI short documentary) youtube.com/shorts/FDlFifke01...

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Aajke Bharatvarsh par kis samrajya ka jyada prabhav hai? Aapke vichar baataye

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The world's first residential university was founded at Nalanda by Emperor Kumaragupta in 427CE. It was sustained by the conscientiousness of the learned monks and teachers. Nalanda flourished for over 800 years until the 12th century CE. It is believed to sustain 2,000 teachers along with nearly 10,000 students. China, Korea, Japan, Tibet, Mongolia, Sri Lanka, and Southeast Asian students, scholars used to come and study at Nalanda campus. Those scholars have left records about the surroundings, building, and learning at Nalanda. They also wrote about the deep knowledge of Nalanda teachers. Chinese scholars provide the most detailed accounts. The best known was Xuan Zang, who carried back many hundreds of scriptures. They were later translated into Chinese.


Gurur Bramha Gurur Vishnu Gurur Devo Maheshwara, Gurur Sakshaat Parabramha , Tasmai shree Guruve Namaha.

Nice to see the revival, let us all hope it is going to reach its former glory soon. JAI BHARAT

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